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Organelles

Organelles and their functions

TermDefinition
Prokaryotes Do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. BACTERIA
Eukaryotes Have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Cytoplasm Jelly like substance enclosed in by the plasma membrane.
Nucleus Contains the cell's DNA. Surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope.
Nucleolus Makes ribosomes. Found inside the nucleus.
Ribosomes Manufactures proteins.
Golgi Bodies or Golgi Apparatus Stacks of flattened sacs. Packages up proteins and puts them in sacs called vesicles.
Mitochondria Breaks down sugars to supply the body with energy. Known as the Powerhouse of the cell.
Centrioles Organelles made of microtubules (protein) that function during cell division.
Lysosome Contains digestive enzymes and breaks down food and worn out cell parts.
Cell Membrane Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell. Selectively permeable.
Cell Wall Gives structure and shape to plant and bacterial cells. Called the non-living layer of the cell.
Chloroplast Contain the green pigment chlorophyll. Traps sunlight to make sugar (food).
Cytoskeleton A supporting network of long, thin protein fibers that form a framework for the cell and provide an anchor for the organelles.
Vacuoles A membrane bound sac used for temporary storage of food, enzymes, or waste.
Cilia Short, numerous projections that look like hairs and are used to help the cell move around its environment.
Flagella A long whip like structure used for movement.
Cytoplasm In a typical animal cell, which component contains the greatest amount of water?
Cell Theory 1) All living things are made up of cells. 2) All cells come from existing cells. 3) Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things.
Robert Hooke Observed a thin slice of cork under a microscope and called the structures he observed cells.
Created by: jphokie05
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