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11. Taxonomy
Classification of life
Term | Definition |
---|---|
dichotomous key | A tool used to identify organisms by giving a series of characteristics with two different options |
binomial nomenclature (scientific name) | The scientific naming system for naming organisms. Each name has the genus and species of the organism |
domain | The most general grouping of organisms including: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota |
kingdoms | The second taxonomic class including: animalia, plantae, protista, archaebacteria, eubacteria, and fungi |
levels of classification | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
cladogram | A diagram based on shared traits that shows the evolutionary relationships of organisms and common ancestry |
mobile/motile | Capable of moving |
heterotrophic | an organism that gets its food by eating other organisms. Cannot make their own food. |
autotrophic | an organism that produces its own food nutrients without eating other organisms |
archae (archaebacteria) | Single-celled prokaryotes that can live in extreme environments |
bacteria (eubacteria) | Single-celled prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall and usually reproduce by cell division |
protist (protista) | Usually single-celled organisms that resemble animals, plants, or fungi but smaller and simpler. Can be multicellular. |
fungus (fungi) | Eukaryotic, heterotrophic, organisms that are often decomposers. Usually multicellular, but can be single celled. |
plants (plantae) | Multicellular autotrophs that go through photosynthesis |
animals (animalia) | Multicellular eukaroytic heterotrophs with cells that lack cell walls. |