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11. Taxonomy

Classification of life

TermDefinition
dichotomous key A tool used to identify organisms by giving a series of characteristics with two different options
binomial nomenclature (scientific name) The scientific naming system for naming organisms. Each name has the genus and species of the organism
domain The most general grouping of organisms including: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukaryota
kingdoms The second taxonomic class including: animalia, plantae, protista, archaebacteria, eubacteria, and fungi
levels of classification Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
cladogram A diagram based on shared traits that shows the evolutionary relationships of organisms and common ancestry
mobile/motile Capable of moving
heterotrophic an organism that gets its food by eating other organisms. Cannot make their own food.
autotrophic an organism that produces its own food nutrients without eating other organisms
archae (archaebacteria) Single-celled prokaryotes that can live in extreme environments
bacteria (eubacteria) Single-celled prokaryotes that usually have a cell wall and usually reproduce by cell division
protist (protista) Usually single-celled organisms that resemble animals, plants, or fungi but smaller and simpler. Can be multicellular.
fungus (fungi) Eukaryotic, heterotrophic, organisms that are often decomposers. Usually multicellular, but can be single celled.
plants (plantae) Multicellular autotrophs that go through photosynthesis
animals (animalia) Multicellular eukaroytic heterotrophs with cells that lack cell walls.
Created by: cfhsbiology
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