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LS FBTP Chapter 3
Plants
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Carotenoid | Chemical closely associated with chloroplasts of many plants. Serves to absorb low-wavelength energy from the sun. Orange, yellow, red in color. |
Cuticle | Waxy protective coating on the surface of plant. Helps prevent water loss |
Cellulose | Chemical comprising the cell wall of plant cells. Made of long-chain simple sugars |
Vascular | Refers to plants with tubes to transport nutrients |
Non-vascular | Refers to plants lacking tubes to transport nutrients |
Rhizoids | Threadlike structures which act as roots for bryophytes |
Bryophyte | The non-vascular plants |
Pioneer Species | First creatures to inhabit a disturbed area |
Gymnosperm | Seed-bearing plant which is flowerless and bears seeds on cones |
Angiosperm | Seed-bearing plant which produces flowers and bears seeds in fruit |
Stomata | Tiny holes on the surface of leaves which allow air to enter and leave the leaf |
Guard Cells | Control the opening and closing of stomata |
Herbaceous | Refers to plants that produce stems that are soft and green |
Non-Herbaceous | Refers to plants that produce stems that are woody |
Xylem | Hollow vessels of stacked cells responsible for transporting water from roots to other areas of the plant |
Phloem | Hollow tubes responsible for carrying dissolved sugar throughout the plant |
Cambium | Tissue between xylem and phloem of some plants for the protection of the transport vessels |
Monocot | Refers to plants that produce seeds with only one cotyledon |
Dicot | Refers to plants that produce seeds with two cotyledons |
Annuals | Plants that complete their life cycle in one growing season |
Biennials | Plants that complete their life cycle in two growing seasons |
Perennials | Plants that take more than two years to grow |