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DNAProteinSynthesis

QuestionAnswer
complementary base pairing either of the nucleotide bases linked by a hydrogen bond on opposite strands of DNA or double-stranded RNA
DNA helicase DNA helicases are essential during DNA replication because they separate double-stranded DNA into single strands allowing each strand to be copied.
DNA polymerase The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides
recombinant DNA DNA that has been formed artificially by combining constituents from different organisms.
replication Copying a strand of DNA to replicate it
semi-conservative replication Semi-conservative replication would produce two copies that each contained one of the original strands and one new strand.
anti-codon a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule, corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.
codon a sequence of three nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.
DNA sequence the nucleotide triplets of DNA and RNA molecules that carry genetic information in living cells
elongation The tRNA transfers an amino acid to the tRNA corresponding to the next codon
environmental mutagen a physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material
genetic disorder a genetic problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome
initiation involves the small subunit of the ribosome binding to the 5' end of mRNA
messenger RNA the form of RNA in which genetic information transcribed from DNA as a sequence of bases is transferred to a ribosome.
mutation the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations
termination Ending the sequence
transcription the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA
transfer RNA RNA consisting of folded molecules that transport amino acids from the cytoplasm of a cell to a ribosome.
translation the process in which cellular ribosomes create proteins
Created by: curquhar
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