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Chapter 7: Cells
Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the three parts if the cell theory? | All living things are made of cells, Cells are the basic unit of life, Cells come from cells (reproduce) |
| What are the requirements to be alive? | Grow, Reproduce, Use food for energy, Respond to changes in the environment |
| Why are cells generally so small? | They work more efficiently. |
| Which has bigger cells, a human or mosquito? | They are about the same size, but humans have a greater amount of cells. |
| What are the largest single cells on earth? | Eggs |
| What structure does a eukaryotic cell have that a prokaryotic cell does not? | Nucleus, lysosomes, ER, Mitochondria, and Golgi Apparatus |
| What is the difference between a virus and bacterium? | A virus doesn't have a nucleus and cannot reproduce without a host? Bacteria is also bigger and more complex than virus'. |
| Define Nucleus | The brain of the cell |
| Chromosomes | Has DNA which determines the characteristics. |
| Cell Membrane | Protects cell and allows for proteins to pass into the cell. |
| Cytoplasm | Clear, jelly-like substance. Holds the internal components of the cell. |
| Mitochondria | Powerhouse of the cell. Develops energy from nutrients (cellular respiration) |
| Lysosomes | In charge of digestion and removing waste |
| Vacuoles (vesicles) | Transports products of metabolism |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | Transports and modifies proteins |
| Ribosomes | Builds proteins |
| Golgi Bodies | Modifies, sorts, and transports lipids. Also responsible for the creation of lysosomes |
| Cytoskeleton | Skeleton like, which allows for the cell to keep its shape |
| Why is the inner folded membrane of the mitochondria beneficial to the cell? | A higher amount of energy because the |
| FIRST PART: The journey starts with the nucleus, which provides the instructions for the proteins. What are these instructions passed to? | Ribosomes |
| SECOND PART: After the protein is built what organelle is it passed to in order to become modified and folded into the type of proteins that the cell will need? | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| THIRD PART: Once modified and added too, the proteins will need to be transported out into the cell. Which organelle will do this? | Golgi Bodies |
| What are the two structure that a plant cell has that an animal cell does not? Why are these structures necessary? | Cell Wall and Chloroplast |
| What is the cell membrane made out of? | Phospholipid Bilayer (Lipid Bilayer) |
| What is diffusion? | Particles moving from areas of high concentration to low concentration |
| What is osmosis? | Water molecules moving from areas of high concentration to low concentration |
| What is the difference between active transportation and the different types of diffusion that we discussed? | |
| What is active transport? | Movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to high concentration |
| What direction does water travel in a hypertonic cell? | In |
| What direction does water travel in hypotonic cell? | Out |
| What direction does water travel in a isotonic cell? | In |
| What are the levels of specialization? | Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism |
| What are stem cells? How can they be useful? | Stem cells have many different uses, such as becoming brain cells, blood cells, heart muscles, or bone. |
| Who is going to ace this test? | You :) |
Created by:
ravenrushing
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