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10th Biology
Chapter 11 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Allele | One of a number of different forms of a gene |
| Fertilization | Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to from a new cell |
| Gamete | Sex Cell |
| Gene | Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait; factor that is passed from parent to offspring |
| Genetics | Scientific study of heredity |
| Hybrid | Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits |
| Principle of dominance | Mendel's second conclusion, which states that some alleles are dominant and others are recessive |
| Segregation | Separation of alleles during gamete formation |
| Trait | Specific characteristic of an individual |
| Genotype | Genetic makeup of an organism |
| Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a particular gene |
| Homozygous | Having identical alleles for a particular gene |
| Independent assortment | One of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes |
| Phenotype | Physical characteristic of an organism |
| Probability | Likelihood that a particular event will happen |
| Punnett Square | Diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross |
| Codominance | Situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele |
| Incomplete Dominance | Situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expressed |
| Multiple allele | A gene that has more than two alleles |
| Polygenic trait | Trait controlled by two or more genes |