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Leaf, Photo, Food
Leaf Structure, Photosynthesis, Food Chain
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| producers | organisms that covert energy from sunlight into a useable form |
| chlorophyll | green pigment that absorbs light |
| grana | structures made of stacks of flattened disks made from folds of membrane called thylakoids |
| thylakoids | contain chlorophyll |
| stroma | the fluid filling the inner space of the chlorplasts. site of dark reactions |
| light dependent reactions (light reaction) | trap the suns energy and store it in short term energy transfer molecules ATP and coenzymes |
| NADPH | coenzyme |
| light independent reactions (dark reaction) | transfer the energy stored in ATP and coenzymes into a sugar molecule |
| another name for dark reaction | calvin cycle |
| abiotic factors | physical factors |
| biotic factors | members of the living community in an ecosystem |
| consumers | eat producers for their energy |
| photosynthesis definition | convert the suns light energy into chemical energy that can be used by living things |
| photosynthesis equation | 6CO2+6H2O+Energy---> C6H12O6+6O2 |
| cellular respiration definition | glucose is converted into energy with carbon dioxide and water waste products |
| cellular respiration equation | C6H12O6+6O2----> 6CO2+6H2O+36 ATP |
| trophic levels | levels of consumers |
| herbivore | plant eater |
| carnivore | animal eater |
| omnivore | eats both animals and plants |
| detritovores/ decomposers | vital part of the ecosystem. they recycle abiotic materials from dead organisms. |
| food chain | the path of energy through the trophic levels of an ecosystem. all of them begin with a producer |
| food web | a series of multiple interconnected food chains. |
| gross primary productivity | a measure of total energy captured by plants through photosynthesis |
| net primary productivity | the energy available to consumers. the differenece of the amount of energy trapped by photosynthesis and the amount used by the plants through cellular respiration. |
| ecosystem | consists of a living community and all of the physical aspects of its habitat |
| examples of abiotic features | light, temperature, precipitation, soil type, water availability, soil and water pH, etc). |
| what is the primary source of energy for ecosystems? | sunlight |
| lower epidermis | the protective, outer layer of cells on the surface of a leaf that acts like skin. (on bottom of leaf) |
| upper epidermis | the protective, outer layer of cells on the surface of a leaf that acts like skin. (on top of leaf) |
| palisade layer | the mesophyll in the upper part of the leaf made up of tightly packed cells full of chloroplasts. |
| cuticle | the waxy, water-repellent layer on the outer surface of a leaf that helps keep it from dying out. Secreted by epidermis and thicker on plants of drier environments. |
| stoma/stomata | openings in the lower epidermis. Act like the lungs of the plant allowing gas exchange. CO2 comes in, O2 goes out. |
| guard cells | surround the stoma/stomata. |
| vein | provide support for the leaf and transport both water and minerals (via xylem) and food energy (via phloem) through the leaf and on to the rest of the plant. |
| spongy layer | the mesophyll in the lower part of the leaves made up of loosely packed cells. |
| air space | intercellular gaps within the spongy mesophyll. The gaps are filled with carbon dioxide the gas the plant uses, and oxygen and water vapor the gas the plant is getting rid of. |
| xylem | carries water from the roots to the leaves and to the other upper parts of the plant |
| phloem | carries sugar produced during photosynthesis to any other place in the plant that needs food. |
| chloroplast | contain green pigment chlorophyll. Where photosynthesis takes place. |
| mesophyll | main inner leaf tissue making up the blade of the leaf. |
| Transpiration | the process plants absorb water through the roots and then give off water vapor through stomata in their leaves. |
| what happens in light reaction | trap suns energy and store in short term energy transfer molecules ATP and NADPH coenzyme. enzymes split water and oxygen is released. |
| what happens in dark reaction | enzymes powered by ATP will add HEE from coenzymes to CO2 to make a small simple sugar |
Created by:
edenbreslauer
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