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SLS bio12 DNA EVV

SLS Bio12 DNA Protein Synthesis EVV

QuestionAnswer
complementary base pairing the nitrogenous bases of the DNA molecules align with each other
DNA helicase enzymes that bind and may even remodel nucleic acid or nucleic acid protein complexes. There are DNA and RNA helicases
DNA polymerase enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. These enzymes are essential to DNA replication and usually work in pairs to create two identical DNA strands from a single original DNA molecule.
recombinant DNA the combination of two DNA strands that are constructed artificially. Genetic scientists can do this to create unique DNA strand for different purposes,
replication double-stranded DNA makes copies of itself, each strand, as it separates, synthesizing a complementary strand.
semi-conservative replication one strand of the parent double helix is conserved in each new DNA molecule.
anti-codon A sequence of three adjacent nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to a corresponding codon in messenger RNA and designates a specific amino acid during protein synthesis
codon a sequence of three DNA or RNA nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis. DNA and RNA molecules are written in a language of four nucleotides
DNA sequence (genetic code process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule
elongation The tRNA transfers an amino acid to the tRNA corresponding to the next codon.
environmental mutagen Any agent that can induce a genetic mutation or can increase the rate of mutation.Any factor that is responsible from an increase in the frequency of mutations of an organism.
genetic disorder A genetic disorder is a genetic problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome
initiation involves the small subunit of the ribosome binding to the 5' end of mRNA with the help of initiation factors
messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression.
mutation a permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.
termination stop of mRNA synthesis at the terminator site top of protein synthesis at the stop codon.
transcription the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase
transfer RNA (tRNA) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length, that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins.
translation process in which cellular ribosomes create proteins.
Created by: evanvliet
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