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Chap 10 Biology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell divison | the process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells |
| mitosis | division of the cell nucleus |
| cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm |
| chromatid | each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA. |
| centromere | area where each pair of chromatids are attached |
| interphase | "in-between" period of growth |
| cell cycle | series of event that cells go through as they grow and divide |
| prophase | first and longest phase of mitosis |
| centriole | two tiny structures located in cytoplasm |
| spindle | fan-like micro-tubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes |
| metaphase | the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell; 2nd phase |
| anaphase | the centromeres that join the sister chromatids split, allowing the sister chromatids to separate and become individual chromosomes; 3rd phase |
| telophase | chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material |
| cyclin | a protein that regulates the cell cycle |
| cancer | a disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth |
| cell specialization | cells developing in different ways to perform different tasks |
| tissue | group of similar cells that perform a particular function |
| organ | group of tissues working together |
| organ system | group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |