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Final exam review
This is a review of concepts on final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which axis is an independent variable recorded? | x axis |
| An independent variable is the result of an experiment? T or F? | False |
| A scientist is studying the effects of cell phone use on attention span of students. She finds the longer a student is on the phone the less minutes they can concentrate. Which is the dependent variable? | minutes the student can focus |
| Elements on the periodic table combine to make compounds because of ? | Bonding between the electrons |
| Elements of opposite charges form compounds in which electrons are given or taken- this is what type of bonding? | Ionic |
| Water is a type of bonding in which the elements share electrons - this is called _____________ bonding? | covalent |
| The atom is made up of subatomic particles - the three particles are ? | protons, neutrons and electrons |
| Of the three subatomic particles which one has the smallest mass of 1/1840 amu and has a negative charge | electron |
| What field of biology would study an animal in the Safari and how it evolved over time? | zoology |
| Solutions are made up a of solute and a solvent. In sugar water which is the solute? | Sugar |
| Solutions can have a pH which determines if they are acids or bases. A solution with a pH of 1 makes it a ? | acid |
| Biological macromolecules are used to build cells. The 4 types of macromolecules are? | protein, carbohydrate, nucleic acids, lipids |
| Each macromolecule has a specific function. Sugars are used for energy and are in this classification of macromolecules | carbohydrates |
| The macromolecule most used for structure and support is? | protein |
| The biological catalyst called lipase is used to break down lipids, amalyze is used to break down carbs. A biological catalyst is called an ? | enzyme |
| An enzyme lowers the amount of energy used to start a reaction, which is called the ________________ ______ of the reaction? | activation energy |
| Which macromolecule is responsible for genetic code and is know for the following elements CHNOP? | nucleic acids |
| What word is a synonym for the following terms: genetic code, genetic material, nucleotides, chromosomes, blueprint? | DNA |
| A picture of long chains of amino acids would represent which macromolecule? | proteins |
| Long chains of monomers are called? | polymers |
| Carbon Hydrogen and Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio represents which macromolecule? | Carbohydrates |
| A polymer composed of three hydrocarbon chains attached to 3 glycerides is called a ? | Lipid |
| Our food is cooked with which type of lipids? | triglycerides |
| Bacteria is a living organism because it can reproduce and is made up a of single cell. T or F? | True |
| A virus is a living organism. T of F? | False |
| Cells with membrane bound organelles like a nucleus, ribosome or golgi body are prokayotes? T or F? | False |
| All cells ( three things)???? | basic unit of life organisms are made up of 1 or more cells come from preexisting cells |
| Nucelic acids are made up of what elements? | CHNOP |
| Which organelle controls the blueprint or all instructions for cell functions? | nucleus |
| Which organelle breaks down large macromolecules to later be used by the mitochondria for energy production? | lysosomes |
| A flagella is used for sperm to move. In the human body where are cillia (many small hairlike) found? | lungs, inner ear and the fallopian tubes |
| What goes down if the volume of a cell increases and doesn't allow nutrients to get into or out of the cell effectively? | surface area. |
| The plasma membrane is called the fluid mosaic model because? | it flows, it has proteins embedded |
| The plasma membrane is found in what two types of cells? | prokayotic and eukaryotic |
| A cell membrane and a cell wall are present in which cell ? | Plant |
| Ribosomes are given directions from the nucelus to produce which macromolecule? | Proteins |
| Cell membranes are bi layers made up of hydrophillic heads and hydrophobic tails with what macromolecule embedded in the layers for transport of materials in and out of the cell? | proteins |
| endocytosis and exocytosis are types of transport that require what? | energy |
| diffusion occurs to move particles from _______ concentration to _____ concentration | high to low |
| name the parts of the cell membrane and describe them. | hydrophillic heads attract water hydrophobic tails repel water embedded proteins to transport materials cholesterol to hold layers together |
| An autotroph is different than a heterotroph because???? | An autotroph is a producer that can make its own food whereas a heterotroph is a consumer that has to take in other food |
| A diagram with a cell with 20% of salt in the cell and 5% salt outside of the cell is which type of solution? What will happen to the cell? | hypotonic and swell. |
| The ETC stands for the electron transport chain. It moves electrons in order to do what? | Convert ADP to ATP |
| Define osmosis | The diffusion of water not requiring energy through a membrane |
| A cell is producing energy from the sun using a chemical reaction. This is called the ________ of the cell. | Metabolism |
| What is the purpose of the light dependent reactions in a plant cell? | Absorb light - produce oxygen and send ATP and NADPH to the next series of reactions. |
| Name and tell purpose of each step of cellular respiration. | glycolysis (make glucose into 2 pyruvate) krebs cycle (break down pyruvate and give off CO2 send FAD and FADH to ETC) electron transport chain (use electrons to form ATP) |
| What is the total amount of ATP formed during cellular respiration and how much in each stage? | Glycolysis 2 atp ( uses 2 to start) Krebs 2 atp ETC 32 total 36 ATP |
| What process is used to convert sunlight into glucose and oxygen? | photosynthesis |
| What types of cellular transport require energy? | Active transports like endo cytosis and exocytosis. |
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aethomas4415
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