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SLS BIO12 DNA mm
SLS Bio 12 DNA protein synthesis mm
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Complementary Base Pairing | connecting of corresponding base pairing |
DNA Helicase | Helicases are enzymes that bind and can remodel nucleic acid or proteins. Separate double stranded DNA to single strands |
DNA polymerase | The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA |
recombinant DNA | Dna that contains genes from more than one source |
Replication | Double helix unwound - each single strand acts as a template and matched with bases - the process of producing two replicas from one original DNA molecule. |
Semi-conservative replication | Produces two copies that each contain one original strands and one new strand. |
Anti-codon | Three base sequence in a transfer RNA - pairs with a complementary codon in mRNA |
Codon | Designates an amino acid during protein synthesis. |
DNA sequence (genetic Code) | the nucleotide triplets of DNA and RNA molecules that carry specific genetic information |
Elongation | a DNA strand is synthesized from template DNA during replication, nucleotides are added to the 3' end of the DNA strand |
Environmental Mutagen | natural impacts on DNA, uv rays etc |
Genetic Disorder | A disease or condition caused by an absent, defective or misplaced gene |
Initiation | binding of RNA polymerase to double-stranded DNA -RNA polymerase binds at a sequence of DNA ( the promoter ) |
Messenger RNA (mRNA) | delivers genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression |
Mutation | Alteration in Chromosome structure or number and also an alteration in a gene due to a change in DNA composition |
Termination | End product - protein is formed last step of translation |
Transcription | The process of copying the sequence of one strand of DNA. mRNA copies the template strand. |
Transfer RNA ( tRNA ) | transports amino acids to the chain |
Translation | The process of decoding mRNA |