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08. Genetics
Mendelian Genetics
Term | Definition |
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allele | one of the alternative forms of a gene that determines a characteristic, such as hair color |
gene | a segment of nucleic acids that codes for a functional unit of RNA and/or a protein |
trait | a physical feature or characteristic of an organism coded for by one or more genes |
heredity / inheritence | the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
hybrid | the offspring of a cross between parents that have differing traits |
dominant | an allele that is fully expressed whenever the allele is present in an individual |
recessive | an allele that is expressed only when no dominant allele is present in an individual |
phenotype | an organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic based on the genotype |
genotype | the combination of genes for a trait |
homozygous | describes an individual that cares two identical alleles of a gene |
heterozygous | describes an individual that carries two different alleles of a gene |
punnett square | a graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross |
monohybrid cross | a cross between individuals that involves one pair of traits |
dihybrid cross | a cross between individuals that involves two pairs of traits |