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SLS Bio11 Gen AB
SLS Bio Genetics AB
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Allele | An alternative form of a gene that is made by a mutation in the same place as the chromosomes. |
| Autosome | A chromosome that is not a sex chromosome. |
| Codominance | The relationship between the dominant allele and the recessive received from your parents. |
| Dihybrid | The offspring of parents differing in two specific pairs of genes. |
| Dominant allele | The gene from one of your parents that is can overpower the other gene if it is different. |
| Genotype | The genetic makeup of an organism. |
| Heterozygous | Having different pairs of genes for any inherited characteristic. |
| Homozygous | Having identical pairs of genes for any inherited characteristic |
| Monohybrid | The offspring of individuals that differ in a certain gene |
| Multiple allele | a series of more than two allele genes |
| Phenotype | The observable constitution of an organism |
| Punnet square | The chart used to determine probability of getting a certain genotype |
| Recessive allele | The allele that can easily be covered up by a dominant allele |
| Sex chromosone | The chromosome that decides the sex of an organism |
| Sex linked trait | Certain traits that are known to be linked to the X and Y chromosomes |
| Test cross | A genetic test for heterozygosity where an organism of dominant phenotype but unknown genotype is crossed to an organism recessive for all |
| Apoptosis | The process of programmed cell death |
| Cell cycle | The series of events as the cell grows and divides |
| Centriole | The thing that makes spindle fibers |
| Centromere | The part on the chromosome where the spindle fibers grab |
| Cromatin | The stuff that the chromosome is made of |
| Chromosome | The things in the nucleas that hold the genetic code for the cell |
| Crossing-over | The exchange of genes in homologous chromosomes |
| Cytokinesis | The cytoplasm separation at the end of mitosis or meiosis |
| Diploid (2n) | A cell containing two complete sets of chromosomes from each parent |
| Chromosome number | The characteristic number of a chromosome found in the cell nuclei |
| Gamete | A mature male or female sex cell |
| Haploid (n) | A cell with a single set of unpaired chromosomes |
| Homologous | Pairing at meiosis and having the same structure and pattern of genes |
| Meiosis | The process of cell division where four haploid daughter cells are created |
| Mitosis | the process of cell division where two daughter cells are made |
| Nondisjunction | When chromosomes don't separate in cell division |
| Somatic cell | Any cell in an organism that is not a sex cell |
| Synapsis | The fusion of chromosome pairs at the beginning of meiosis |
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angusbrownie
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