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Science
Chapter 2.3/2.5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| chemical reaction | process that changes one set of chemicals to another set of chemicals |
| reactants | elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction |
| product | elements or compounds produced by chemical reaction |
| activation energy | energy needed to get a reaction started |
| catalyst | substance that speeds up rate of chemical reaction |
| enzyme | proteins that act as biological catalysts (used by cells) |
| substrate | reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions |
| monomer | small compounds that combine to make polymers |
| polymers | large compounds made up of monomers |
| carbohydrates | compounds made up of C, H,, O source of energy |
| ATP adenosine triphosphate | when we break bond between phosphates we get energy |
| glucose | C6H12O6 |
| monosaccharide | single sugar molecules includes galctose |
| polysccharide | large macro-molecules formed by monosccharides includes glycogen |
| lipids | made mostly from carbon and hydrogen fats oils and wax |
| nucleic acids | macro-molecules assembled form monomers known as nucleotides |
| nucleotide | monomer of nucleic acid |
| ribonucleic acid | rna contains sugar ribose (a nucleic acid) |
| deoxyribonucleic acid | contains sugar deoxyribose |
| proteins | macromolecules that contain nitrogen carbon hydrogen oxygen |
| amino acides | compunds with amino group (-NH2) on one end and carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other makes up proteins |