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Protein Synthesis
Protein synthesis and Mutation - Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| If the underlined base changed from U to C, what would be the effect on the protein? | Tyr-aa |
| What do we call this kind of mutation? | No mutation |
| Have anticodons? | TRNA |
| are enzymes involved in transcription | RNA Polymerases |
| A genetic mutation of a single nucleotide will ALWAYS result in a different amino acid True or False | False |
| What mRNA sequence would the DNA sequence AGTCCG code for? | UCAGGC |
| Why do genetic mutations often lead to a disease? | A change in amino acid sequence can change protein shape. |
| What amino acid sequence would the DNA sequence TAAAGT code for? | ILe-Ser |
| The transfer of genetic information form DNA to RNA is called | Transcription |
| Translation consist of which of the following? | The conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins. |
| Which of the following bring amino acids to the ribosomes? | Transfer RNAs |
| Where in the cell do mRNA and amino acids on tRNAs come together? | at ribosomes |
| What molecule are produced in translation? | Proteins |
| tRNA is not translated into protein True or False? | False |
| What process does DNA make a copy of itself? | Replication |
| List two ways that mutation could affect the organism? | code for wrong protein and Stop coding early |
| Name the process occurring in the nucleus of the cell | Transcription |
| Where in the cell will the mRNA go once it has been constructed? | Cytoplasm/Ribosome |
| There , the mRNA will be divided into groups of 3 bases called | Codon |
| Name the process occurring in the ribosome? | translation |
| At the ribosome, the mRNA will meet with what? | tRNA |
| The group of 3 bases attached to "B" is called? | anticodon |
| If the codon is "AAC", the anticodon would be | UUG |
| Joining amino acids together builds | Protein |
| Amino acids are held together by | Polypeptide bonds |
| How are proteins important to living organisms? | Building blocks of life |
| A gene is a specific section of | DNA |
| Each gene codes for a | Protein |
| What are proteins made of? | AA |
| How many of this are there? | 20 |
| Protein are made in several steps DNA> | RNA>Protein> trait |
| What is the process called when RNA is made using the DNA template strand? | transcription |
| Why must DNA be transcribed into mRNA? | So the genetic code can leave the nucleus |
| In which direction does the RNA polymerase build the RNA strand? | 3' - 5' |
| What is at the beginning of a gene that controls where transcribing begins? | Polymerase |
| What must happen to the RNA before it leaves the nucleus? | Splicing |
| What is the process called when mRNA is read and a protein is made? | translation |
| What is the purpose of a tRNA | bring in AA |
| What is the purpose of nRNA | Code for AA |
| What is the molecule that assembles the amino acids in the correct order based on the information carried to it by the mRNA. | rRNA |
| What does RNA Polymerase do? | Unzips/Adds Nucleotides/Proof |
| Transcription takes place in the | Nucleus |
| Translation takes place in the | Ribosome |
| How does the ribosome know to stop adding on amino acids to the protein? | Stop Codon |
| In the end, what is really responsible for how the protein is built? | DNA |
| Which strand of the DNA is always used to transcribe mRNA? | Left |
| A codon is found on the | mRNA |
| anticodon is found on the | tRNA |
| How many different codons code for Glycine? | 4 |
| What tRNA anticodon would match up with the mRNA sequence UAC? | AUG |
| What amino acids would it be transferring? | Tyr |
| Why is gene regulation so important? | Controls what genes are turned on/off |
| Define differentiation in relation to cells | Tells cells what type of cell to be |
Created by:
spotsville2
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