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Biology
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Genetics | The study of heredity |
Gene | A segment of DNA capable of producing a specific amino acid chain (polypeptide) resulting in a particular characteristic |
Histone | A protein that supports, protects and helps maintain the tightly coiled structure of the DNA in a chromosome |
Chromatid | One of the two DNA duplicates that compose one chromosome (when it he chromosome is not Separated) |
Centromere | The attachment point of two sister chromatids; also serves as point of attachment of spindle fibers during mitosis |
Karyotype | An illustration in which the chromosomes of a cell are arranged according to their size |
Homologous chromosomes | Two chromosomes that have the same kinds of genes (alleles) in the same order |
Homologue | One member of a Homologous pair of chromosomes |
Diploid | Having homologous pairs of chromosomes |
Haploid | Having only one member of each homologous pair of chromosomes; characteristics of gametes |
Cell cycle | The repeating cycle of events in the life of a cell; composed of interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis |
Interphase | The period of time between cellular divisions |
Mitosis | The duplicating and seperating of a cell's chromosomes |
Prophase | The first phase of mitosis; centromeres migrates to poles |
Metaphase | |
Telophase | |
Cytokinesis | The division of the cytoplasm in the dividing cell |
Asexual reproduction | The production of a new organism without the fusion of a sperm and an ovum; involves only mitotic cell divisions |