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SLS Bio12 cell t MM
SLS bio12 cell transport MM
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Active Transport | Use of plasma membrane carrier protein and energy to move a substance into or out of a cell from lower to higher concentration |
| Carrier Protein | Protein molecule that combines with a substance and transports it through the plasma membrane |
| Cell Membrane | composed of a phospholipid bilayer which is actively selectively permeable, as molecules both actively and passively move in and out of the cell. |
| Channel Protein | Forms a channel which allows a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane |
| Concentration Gradient | Gradual change in chemical concentration from one point to another |
| Diffusion | movement of molecules or ions from a region of higher to lower concentration; it requires no energy and stops when the distribution is equal. |
| Endocytosis | Process by which substances are moved into the cell from the environment by phagocytosis or pinocytosis |
| Exocytosis | Process in which an intracellular vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane so that the vesicles contents are released outside the cell. |
| Facilitated Transport | Use of a plasma membrane carrier to move a substance in and or out of a cell from higher to lower concentration, no energy required. |
| Fluid-mosaic membrane model | The phospholipid bilayer is represented as being fluid, and the proteins embeded are the mosaic components along with both glycolipids and glycoproteins. |
| Glycolipid | Lipid in a plasma membrane that bears a carbohydrate chain attached to a hydrophobic tail |
| Glycoprotein | Protein in a plasma membrane that bears a carbohydrate chain |
| Hydrophilic | water loving- Type of molecule that interacts with water by dissolving in water and or forming hydrogen bonds with water molecules. |
| Hydrophobic | water hating- type of molecule insoluble in water as it is non polar, does not interact with water |
| Hypertonic | Higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside the cell --> causes cell to lose water through osmiosis |
| Hypotonic | Lower solute concentration outside the cell than inside and causes net movement of water inside the cell to be positive |
| Isotonic | Solution where solute concentrations are equal inside and outside the cell and there is no water net movement |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Passive transport | Transport which moves down the concentration gradient and requires no energy |
| Phagocytosis | Process by which amoeboid type cells engulf large substances, forming an intra-cellular vacuole- cell eating |
| Phospholipid | molecule with phosphate polar waterloving head, and two non polar water hating tails |
| Phospholipid bilayer | Two layers of phospholipids, makes up the cell membrane which is selectively permeable and allows small molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| Pinocytosis | Cell drinking, process which vesicle formation brings dissolved macromolecules into the cell |
| Pressure gradient | Gradual descent as concentrations decrease, allowing molecules to pass with no ATP and just natural kinetic energy. |
| Selectively permeable | Actively selecting which molecules will enter and which may not enter. |
| Tonicity | the measure of osmiotic pressure |
Created by:
madym
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