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Chapter 8, Section 2
Vocab for 8.2 Biology
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Anaphase | A phase of mitosis and meiosis in which the chromosomes separate |
Asexual reproduction | Reproduction that does not involve the union of gametes and in which a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent |
Binary fission | A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size |
Cell plate | The precursor of a new plant cell wall that forms during cell division and divides a cell into two |
Cytokinesis | The division of the cytoplasma of a cell; this follows the division of the cell's nucleus by mitosis or meiosis |
Gamete | A haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote |
Interphase | A period between two mitotic or meiotic divisions during which the cell grows, copies its DNA, and synthesizes proteins |
Meiosis | A process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells (gametes or spores) |
Metaphase | One of the stages of mitosis and meiosis, during which all of the chromosomes move to the cell's equator |
Mitosis | In eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
Prophase | The first stage of mitosis and meiosis in cell division; characterized by the condensation of the chromosomes and the dissolution of the nuclear envelope |
Spindle fiber | One of the microtubules that extend across a dividing eukaryotic cell; assists in the movement of chromosomes |
Telophase | The final stage of mitosis or meiosis, during which a nuclear membrane forms around each set of new chromosomes |