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Chapter 8, Section 1

Vocab for 8.1 Biology

TermDefinition
Autosome Any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
Centromere The region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis
Chromatid One of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during meiosis or mitosis
Chromosome In a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA
Diploid A cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes
Haploid Describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
Histone A type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells
Homologous chromosome Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure, and that pair during meiosis
Karyotype A micrograph of the array of chromosomes visible in a cell during metaphase; a graphical display that shows an individual's chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size
Sex chromosome One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
Created by: CareGraceR
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