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07. Protein synth
Translation
Term | Definition |
---|---|
translation | "Translates" Nucleic acids (RNA) to proteins. Takes place in the ribosome from mRNA to amino acids. |
cytoplasm | Where translation takes place in the cell. Ribosomes make proteins in the cytoplasm. |
mRNA | messenger RNA. Carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where it serves as a template for protein synthesis |
tRNA | transfer RNA. brings amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis |
amino acids | Monomers of protein. There are 20 different amino acids |
peptide bond | The bond between two amino acids. |
Polypeptide chain | Formed when many peptide bonds are made between amino acids on the same chain. |
triplet code (codon) | a three-nucleotide sequence that encodes an amino acid or signifies a start or stop signal |
anticodon | a region on a tRNA molecule that binds to the mRNA codon |