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Science Chapt. 17
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Aristotle's System | developed the first widely accepted system of biological classification; all organisms known into two groups: plants and animals. Subdivided in three groups: herbs, shrubs, and trees depending on the size and structure of the plant. |
| Classification | grouping of objects or information based on similarities |
| Taxonomy | branch of biology that groups and names organisms based on studies of their different characteristics |
| Linnaeus's System | developed a method of grouping organisms that is still used by scientist today; based on physical and structural similarities of organisms |
| Binomial Nomenclature | modern classification systems used a two-word naming system |
| Genus | consist of a group of similar species |
| Specific Epithet | second word which sometimes describes a characteristic |
| Family | the next larger taxon in the biological classification system, consist of a group of similar genera. |
| Order | taxon similar famlies |
| Class | a taxon similar orders |
| Phylum | a taxon of similar classes |
| Division | plant taxonomists use this instead of using phylum |
| Kingdom | taxon similar phyla or divisions |
| Archaebacteria | prokaryotic and live in harsh environments such as deep sea vents and hot springs |
| Phylogeny | evolutionary history of a species |
| Cladistics | one biological system of classification that is based on phylogeny |
| Cladogram | groups derived traits and use them to make a branching diagram |
| Eubacteria | very strong cell walls and a less complex genetic makeup than found in archaebacteria |
| Protist | Eukaryota that lacks complex organ systems and lives in moist environments |
| Fungus | is either a unicellular or multi cellular Eukaryota that absorbs nutrients from organic materials from the environment |
| Prokaryote | microscopic unicellular organisms that lack distinct nuclei bounded by a membrane |
| Eukaryote | unicellular or multi cellular organisms such as yeast, plants, and animals composed Eukaryota cells, which contain a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| Plants | multi cellular oxygen producers |
| Animals | multi cellular heterotrophs |
| Dichotomous Key |