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Bacteria Unit

Bacteria Unit Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Unicellular Organisms with only one cell.
Binary Fission Occurs when a single celled organism splits into two cells.
Asexual Reproduction Reproduction with only one cell.
Decomposers Bacteria that feed on dead and decaying organisms.
Decomposition Nature’s process of recycling material. Decomposers release enzymes to break down dead organic matter.
Cyanobacteri The first bacteria that was able to undergo photosynthesis
Photosynthesis During this process organisms (producers) make food as glucose and also produce oxygen.
Prokaryotic Cell The simplest type of cell and only found in bacteria
Organelles Small structures inside eukaryotic cells surrounded by membranes inside the cell
Cell Wall The part of the cell that surrounds the cell membrane and protects the cell
Cell Membrane The part of the cell that surrounds the cytoplasm and lets some material enter and exit the cell
Cytoplasm Enclosed within the cell membrane: gel like yet fluid substance that fills the cell.
Ribosome The part of the cell that builds protein.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) The circular strand in the center of the bacteria that “controls” the cell and contains the genes needed for cell growth, survival& reproduction.
Capsule The outer coating that protects the cell. Outside of the cell wall.
Flagella Long whip like protrusion that aids in cellular locomotion.
Pilli (Pilus) Hair like structures on the surface of the cell that help bacteria attach to surfaces.
Coccus Round shaped bacteria
Bacillus Rod shaped bacteria
Spirillum Spiral shaped bacteria
Staphylo Clusters of bacteria
Diplo Pair of bacteria
Strepto Chain of bacteria
Kingdoms Large groups of living organisms with some similarity
Archeabacteria (Archea) First form of life.
Extremophiles Archeabacteria that live in extreme or unusual environments that most organisms could not.
Halophile Extremophiles that live in extremely salty environments. (Salt lovers)
Methanogens Extremophile found in swamps, sediments, sewage and buried landfills. Makes methane.
Eubacteria Evolved after Archea
Adaptations Structures, chemicals and behaviors that help organisms survive.
Endospore Bacteria adaptation - A thick wall that surrounds DNA
Conjugation Bacteria adaptation – Allows for new genetic combinations to increase survival.
Created by: bigelowbulldog
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