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05. DNA Replication
DNA Structure
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Nucleotide | an organic compound that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base |
| Monomer/Polymer | Nucleotide/DNA |
| Adenine | A nitrogen base (purine) that bonds with Thymine |
| Thymine | A nitrogen base (pyrimidine) that bonds with Adenine |
| Guanine | A nitrogen base (purine) that bonds with Cytosine |
| Cytosine | A nitrogen base (pyrimidine) that bonds with Guanine |
| Deoxyribose sugar | The sugar found in a nucleotide of DNA. (The D in DNA stands for deoxyribose) |
| carbohydrate ring | The sugar ring found in a nucleotide (AKA Deoxyribose sugar) |
| Double Helix | The model that shows the structure of a DNA molecule. Two strands wind around one another. |
| Phosphate group | Part of a nucleotide in the sugar-phosphate backbone. Contains phosphorous. |
| Hydrogen bonds | The type of chemical bond between base pairs in DNA |
| CHONP | Elements found in nucleic acids |
| complementary bases / complementary nucleotide | Cytosine ALWAYS bonds with Guanine and Adenine ALWAYS bonds with Thymine |
| Sugar phosphate backbone | The outside, ribbon like, part of DNA made of phosphate groups and deoxyribose sugar molecules |
| Rungs of double helix (DNA) | The inside section of DNA. Made of nitrogenous base pairs. |
| Base pair | When two bases form a hydrogen bond (A bonds with T, C bonds with G) |
| Chromosomes | Long , continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes and regulatory information |
| Genetic Code | DNA is the genetic code |
| Blueprint for all life | DNA structure is the same in ALL life. |
| traits | A characteristic that is inherited |
| genes | A specific region of DNA that codes for a particular protein |