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Prep. for Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| biotic factors | living parts of the environment |
| abiotic factors | non-living parts of the environment |
| producer/autotroph | makes food through photosynthesis |
| consumer/heterotroph | consumes other organisms |
| decomposer | breaks down dead/decaying organisms and returns nutrients to soil |
| herbivore | eats only plants |
| carnivore | eats only animals/meat |
| omnivore | eats plants and animals/meat |
| scavenger | eats dead plants and animals |
| food chain | shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem in a series of steps showing which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten |
| food web | model that shows all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community; links all food chains in an ecosystem together |
| sun's role in food chain/web | ultimate source of energy for all living things |
| energy pyramid | a triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem's loss of energy; each row in the pyramid represents a trophic (feeding) level in an ecosystem, and the area of a row represents the energy stored in that trophic level |
| symbiosis | a close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species |
| mutualism | a relationship in which both species benefit |
| commensalism | a relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither helped nor harmed |
| parasitism | involves one organism living on or inside another organism and harming it |
| predator/prey | the predator is an organism that eats another organism and the prey is the organism being eaten |
| competition | the relationship between two species (or individuals) in which both species (or individuals) attempt to use the same limited resource such that both are negatively affected by the relationship |
| adaptation | the process of becoming adapted to an environment; an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral change that improves a population's ability to survive |
Created by:
letinaanh
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