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2.2B Protein synthes
2.2B protein synthesis translation
Term | Definition |
---|---|
anticodon | a sequence of three nucleotides on a tRNA molecule; during translation, the anticodon pairs with a complementary mRNA codon |
elongation | stage of translation when tRNA molecules are delivering amino acids to an mRNA strand. Peptide bonds form to join amino acids into a polypeptide |
initiation | first step of the translation process, when a ribosome assembles at the AUG start codon on mRNA |
polypeptide | a chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds |
polyribosome | a string of ribosomes translating the same mRNA strand at the same time, but in different locations, during protein synthesis; also called a polysome |
rRNA | ribosomal RNA, a component of ribosomes |
start/stop codons | |
termination | end of translation of a polypeptide, when the ribosome reaches a stop codon; a release factor frees the polypeptide chain, and the ribosome disassembles |
translation | process by which the sequence of codons in mRNA dictates the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide |
tRNA Transfer RNA | delivers amino acids to mRNA during polypeptide chain elongation; anticodon site binds with mRNA codons |