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Chemistry Unit
Chemistry Unit - Basic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom | Atoms are the basic building blocks of the universe. Made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. |
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space. All matter is made up of atoms. |
| Subatomic Particles | Atoms are made of 3 smaller parts: protons, neutrons, electrons |
| Proton | Protons are the subatomic particles that have a positive charge.They are found in the nucleus. |
| Neutron | Neutrons are the subatomic particles that have no charge(neutral charge). They are found in the nucleus |
| Electron | Electrons are the subatomic particles that have a negative charge. They are extremely small and circle around the nucleus in different energy levels. Determines whether the atom will react. |
| Nucleus | The center of the atom containing the Protons and Neutrons is called the Nucleus |
| Electron Shell/Energy Level | The electrons circle around the nucleus in different pathways called “shells" or "energy levels". |
| Atomic Number | Tells you how many protons the atom has. Atoms must have equal number of protons and electrons. |
| Atomic Mass | Tells you the average mass of the nucleus of the atom which contains both Protons and Neutrons, NOT electrons. |
| 2n^2 Rule | Tells you the maximum number of electrons in each energy level is the 2n2 Rule where n = the number of the energy level. |
| Bonds | Two or more atoms share or transfer electrons to become stable. When electrons do this the atoms are said to be bonded together |
| Octet Rule | Atoms are stable if they have 8 electrons in their outermost energy level |
| Compound | The atoms in the molecule are all different (example, C02) . |
| Molecule | Atoms of the same element that are bonded together form molecules . |
| Chemical Reaction | Making and/or breaking bonds. When these bonds break, energy is released. Living organisms get their energy from bonds breaking in chemical reactions. |
| Enzymes | Protein molecules that speed up chemical reactions. Also known as Catalysts. |
| Lock and Key Model | The enzyme and substrate must fit together to work. Key (substrate) and Lock (enzyme) |
| Chemical Equation | Shows the atoms or molecules that you begin with and will react |
| Reactant | The atoms that undergo a chemical reaction. These are to the left of the arrow in a chemical equation |
| Product | Shows what is made in the chemical reaction. These are to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation. |
| Yields | The arrow in a chemical equation that separates the reactants from the products. |
| Ions | Atoms with a positive or negative charge |
| Acids | compounds that form H+ (hydrogen ions) in a solution. Below 7 on pH scale |
| Bases | compounds that work OH- (hydroxide ions) in solution. Above 7 on pH scale |
| pH Scale | A scale that goes from 0-14 that measures the strength of acids and bases |
| Indicator | A substance that shows the presence or concentration of a certain substance |
| Chemistry | The study of matter and how it changes. |
Created by:
bigelowbulldog
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