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Radiology
Chapter 5 & 6 Test
| 8 Factors that determine radiation injury | Total dose, Dose rate, total volume irradiated, Species, Individual sensitivity, Cell sensitivity, Tissue sensitivity, Age |
| What does total dose depend on? | Type, energy, and duration. The greater the dose the more severe the biological effect. |
| Three most sensitive tissues | Blood forming organs, reproductive organs, and lens of the eye. |
| Most radioresistant | Enamel. |
| True or False- Humans are the most radiosensitive species? | True. |
| Most sensitive cell | leukocyte. |
| What happens at 50R 150R 250R 450R 600R | 50R- blood changes 150R- nausea 250R- male gonads become temporary sterile. 450R- 50% death 600R- death to whole body. |
| Collimation does what to the x-ray beam? | Controls the size and shape of a useful beam with the lead diagram Reduces scatter and secondary radiation. |
| F Speed Film | Faster, large crystals, less clear, less radiation |
| D Speed Film | Slower, smaller crystals, more clear |
| How is TOTAL filtration calculated? | Inherent filtration+added filtration=TOTAL |
| Ideal distance for the operator to stand away from the primary beam? | 6 Feet |
| Can we measure absorbed dose? | No. |
| What two doses can we measure? | Entrance (skin dose) and exit dose. |
| Maximum Permissible Dose for Health care providers. | 50 mSv/ year 1 mSv/ week |
| Maximum Permissible Dose for general public? | 5 mSv/ year |
| What does DXTTR stand for? | Dental X-ray Technician Training Replica |
| Direct Theory | X-ray photons collide with important cell chemicals and break them apart by ionization. 1/3 of biological alterations from x-radiation exposure result from a direct effect. |
| Indirect Theory | Radiation can cause chemical damage to the cell by ionizing the water within it. |
| Descending Order of radio sensitivity | Leukocytes, erythrocytes, immature reproductive cells, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, connective tissue cells, bone cells, nerve cells, brain cells, muscle cells. |
| Genetic Effect | changes to genetic cells, that effect the offspring and future generations, but not the irraidiated individual. |
| Sequence of events after radiation exposure | Latent period, period of injury, recovery period. |
| Deterministic Effect | When the severity of the change is dependent on the dose. |
Created by:
Strobelight95
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