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Cell Mem. Transport
Cell Membrane Transport Study Guide
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Cell Membrane are made up of | Proteins and Lipids |
All Cells have | Cell Membranes |
Some Cells have | Cell Membranes and Cell Wall |
Example of Cells that have a cell membrane and Cell wall | Plants and Fungi |
Cell Membrane Characteristics | Thin, Flexible barrier |
Cell Membrane | Regulates what enters and exists the cell |
Plant Cells have | a Cell Wall |
Cell Wall is made up of | Cellulose |
Bacteria and Fungi have a cell wall, but do not contain | Cellulose |
Cell Membrane and Cell Wall are | Porous allowing carbon dioxide Oxygen and Nutrients pass through easily. |
Cell Membrane separates | the components of a cell from its ENVIRONMENT surrounds the cell |
Gatekeeper of the cell | regulates the flow of materials into and out of cell SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE |
Cell Membrane Helps | Cell maintain HOMEOSTASIS stable internal BALANCE. |
Solute | Substance that is dissolved in a solvent to make a solution |
Solvent | Substance in which a solute is dissolved to make a solution. |
Solution | Mixture of two or more substances in which the molecules of the two substances are evenly distributed. |
Passive Transport | A Process that does not require energy to move molecules from HIGH to LOW concentration. |
Passive | No energy needed |
Active | Energy needed |
Diffusion | Is the movement of SMALL particles across a SELECTIVELY PERMEABLE membrane like the cell membrane until EQUILIBRIUM is reached. |
What happens to the particles during Diffusion | Moved from an area of HIGH CONCENTRATION to an area of LOW CONCENTRATION |
Osmosis | The DIFFUSSION of WATER through a selectively permeable membrane like the cell membrane. |
Water diffuses | across a membrane from an area of HIGH CONCENTRATION of water to an area of LOW CONCENTRATION. |
Hypertonic Solutions | Contain a HIGH CONCENTRATION of solute relative to another solution. |
Hypotonic Solutions | Contain a LOW CONCENTRATION of solute relative to another solution. |
Isotonic Solutions | Contain the SAME CONCENTRATION of solute as another solution. |
Facilitated Diffusion | The movement of LARGER MOLECULES like glucose through the cell membrane- larger molecules must be" helped" |
Proteins in the cell membrane form | CHANNEL for LARGE molecules to pass through |
Proteins Channel | Proteins that form channels (pores). |
One type of substance can pass through the Protein Channel | Glucose Molecules |
Active Transport | is transport across the cell membrane with the use of energy. |
Protein Pumps | Proteins that work as pumps |
Endocytosis and Exocytosis | is the mechanism by which VERY LARGE MOLECULES get into and out of the cell |
Food is moved | into the cell by Endocytosis |
Waste are moved | out of the cell by Exocytosis |
Two types of Endocytosis | Phagocytosis and Pinocytosis |
Phagocytosis | Extension of the cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within the vacuole. |
Pinocytosis | Pockets form along the cell membrane, fill with liquid and pinch off the form vacuoles within the cell. |
Types of Active Transport | Endocytosis and Exocytosis |
Equilibrium | When the concentration of a solute is equal throughout the solution. |
Once Equilibrium has been reached | Particles continue to move across the membrane in both directions maintaining the equilibrium of the solution. |
Concentration | The Mass of a solute in a given volume of a solution: Solute (g)/Solution (mL) |
The first Concentration is | Twice as concentrated as the second solution |
No Energy Needed | Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated Diffusion |
Energy Needed | Active Transport |