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chapter 2 section 1
composition of matter
Term | Definition |
---|---|
matter | anything that takes up space or mass |
mass | the quantity of matter an object has |
element | substances that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler kinds of matter |
atom | the simplest part of an element that retains all of the properties of that element |
nucleus | the central region - makes up the bulk of the mass of the atom and consists of two kinds of subatomic particles, proton and neutron |
proton | a positively charged particle in the nucleus |
neutron | the particle that has a mass greater that a proton and has no charge |
atomic number | the number of protons in an atom |
mass number | equal to the total number of protons and neutrons of the atom |
electron | small negatively charged particles of the atom |
orbital | a 3D region around a nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron |
isotope | atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons |
compound | made up of atoms of two or more elements in fixed proportions |
chemical bond | the attractive forces that hold atoms together |
covalent bond | form when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons |
molecule | is the simplest part of a substance that retains all of the properties of that substance and can exist in a free state |
ion | an atom or molecule with an electrical charge |
ionic bond | the attraction between positive and negative electrical charges |