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bio CH 2 Vocab
bio ocab
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Substrate | the specific reactants that an enzyme acts on |
pH scale | a solutions acidity or H+ ion concentration, is measured by the PH scale |
Solution | Mixture of substances that is the same throughout, it is a homogenous mixture |
Nucleic acid es | Polymers that are made up of monomers called nucleotid |
Acid | Compound that releases an proton-a hydrogen ions (H+) when it dissolves in water |
Base | Compound that removes hydrogen ions (H+) from a solution |
Solvent | Substance that is present in the greater amount and that dissolves another substance |
Protein | a polymer made of monomers called amino acids |
Molecule | 2 or more atoms held together by covalent bonds |
Cohesion | Attraction among molecules of the same substance. |
Solute | Substance that dissolves in a solvent |
Polymer | Large molecule or a macro-molecule made up of many monomers bonded together |
Compound | A substance made up of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio |
Covalent bond | Bond forms when atoms share a pair of electrons |
Ionic bond | Bond forms through the electrical force between oppositely charges ions |
Ion | Atom that has gained or lost one or more electron |
Amino Acid | Molecules that contain, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes sulfur |
Chemical reaction | Change substances into different substances by breaking and forming chemical binds |
Reactant | Substances that are changed during a chemical reaction |
Carbohydrate | Molecules composed of carbon,hydrogen, and oxygen they include sugar and starches |
Product | Substances made by a chemical reaction. |
Catalyst | Substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction. |
Activation energy | The amount of energy that needs to be absorbed for a chemical reaction to start. |
Monomer | A subunit in a complete molecule |
Lipid | Non polar molecules that includes fats, oils, and cholesterol |
Element | one particular type of atom that can't be broken down into simpler substance by ordinary chemical means |
Atom | The smallest Basic unit of matter |
hydrogen bond | an attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom, often oxygen and nitrogen |
adhesion | the attractions among molecules of different substances |
Fatty Acids | chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms |
Bond energy | the amount of energy that will break a bond between two atoms |
equilibrium | when both the reactants and products are made at the same rate |
exothermic | chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs |
endothermic | chemical reaction that absorbs more energy than it releases |
enzymes | catalysts for chemical reactions in living things |