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Cells (Ch.3)

Unit 1, L.1-3

TermDefinition
cell basic unit of structure of all living things; smallest unit in which life processes can be carried out
cell theory all living things are composed of one or more cells; a cell is the basic unit of life - all chemical reactions occur within cell; cells come from other cells
cell wall thick outer layer of cellulose
cell membrane flexible thin protective layer that helps control what goes in and out of cell (security - police)
cytoplasm watery fluid inside cell (Mr. Liquid)
organelles structures inside a cell that perform a certain purpose
nucleus cell control center; largest organelle
nuclear membrane wall of nucleus- regulates what goes in and out of the nucleus
chromosomes hold genetic information that is passed on to new cells; also direct cell growth and reproduction
mitochondria produce energy for the cell; ATP, Metabolic pathways, and enzymes are at work in here
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions as the cell's transportation system- 1.Rough ER- has ribosomes attached, transports materials 2.Smooth ER- no ribosomes, transports materials
ribosomes produce protein for the cell (Mr. Protein)
nucleolus sun
Golgi Body processes and transports proteins
lysosomes recycle worn out cell parts (trasher)
vacuoles store things like water and food the cell needs
chloroplasts found only in plant cells; contain green chlorophyll
centrosome center of nucleus
Hooke saw the first cell
Cells testify to God's creative work! cells contain enough complex genetic information to create a new organism!
energy the ability to do work
cellular respiration the breaking down of food molecules by cells into usable energy (happens in mitochondria)
ATP molecule that carries small packets of energy
metabolic pathways chemical reactions that break down or make materials the cells need
enzymes special proteins that speed up chemical reactions (without them, reactions would not happen fast enough for cells to live)
Created by: joshuabelvin
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