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visual system

anatomy and physiology visual system

QuestionAnswer
Name the primary organs of vision Eye optic nerve Chasm &tract cranial N. 2 thalamus of the brain Primary visual cortex Lateral geniculate nucleus, in the thalamus
Eye is long myopia
Lens is clouding up cataracts
Loss of lens elasticity presbyopia
Poor drainage of aqueous humor by canal of schlemm glaucoma
Eye is short hyperopia
Irregular curvature of the lens or cornea astigmatism
Symptom of myopia? Objects appear blurry far away Difficulty seeing close objects
symptom of cataracts? Lens is clouding up
symptom of presbyopia? Loss of lens elasticity
symptom of glaucoma? Poor drainage of aqueous humor by canal of schlemm
symptom of hyperopia? Eye is long,farsighted objects are blurry close up
symptom of astigmatism? Irregular curvature of the lens or cornea
Secondary organs of vision Extra-ocular eye muscles Eyelids conjunctiva, lacrimal apperatus
Function of the retina thin layer of tissue lines the back of the inside of the eye , it receives light that the lens has focused converts into neural signals and then sends these signals to the brain for visual recognition.
optic nerve function Transfers visual information from the retina to vision centers of the brain, via electrical impulses.
optic nerve made up of? ganglionic cells or nerve cells of over one million nerve fibers
Rods- type 1 of 2 types of photo receptors *Night vision- light sensitive *can fire in low light only once * Best for peripheral vision * peripheral has majority of rods. * Only one type of rod. +not at the back of eye Front and side only
Cones- 2nd type of photo receptors Day vision or color vision Less sensitive to light Best for central vision+very little at sides 3 types of cones: red blue green cones
What is the visual reflex center called? Superior colliculus
Where is there an increase in intra-ocular pressure? what is the pathology? describe glaucoma
Where is the primary structure of vision located? The visual reflex center -superior colliculi
accommodation reflex
Where is the greater amount of cones located? The macula lutea
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