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Module #9 Test
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define Immutability of Species | The idea that each individual species on the planet was specially created by God and could fundamentally change. |
| Define Microevolution | The theory that natural selection can over time, take an organism and tranform it into a more specialized species of that organism. |
| Define Macroevolution | The hypothesis that processes similar to those at work in microevolution can, over eons of time, tranform an organism into a completely different kind of organism. |
| Define Strata | Distict layers of rock. |
| Define Fossils | Perserved remains of once-living organisms. |
| Define Paleontology | The study of fossils |
| Define Structural Homology | The study of similar structures in different species. |
| Where did Darwin do most of the work which led to his hypothesis of evolution? | On his voyage on the HMS Beagle |
| Did Darwin ever recant his scientific beliefs? | No |
| What was the main idea that Thomas Malthus' work gave to Darwin? | That the individuals within a population struggle against other individuals to obtain what is necessary in order to survive and reproduce. |
| What was the main idea that Sir Charles Lyell's work gave to Darwin? | That "The present is the key to the past" |
| What age old concept was Darwin able to dispel with his research? | The immutability of species |
| If after several generations, the horses gave rise to giraffes that could easily reach food in the trees, would that be an example of mircoevolution or macroevolution? | Macroevolution |
| From the genetic view point, what is the main differences between microevolution and macroevolution? | microevolution has the ability in their genetic code to be able to change with the environment and macroevolution adds information to its genetic code. |
| For each set of data, indicate whether it is evidence for or against macroevolution or it is inconclusive : Geological Column, Fossils, Structural Homology, and Molecular Biology. | The geological column is inconclusive, Fossils are against it, and Structural homology and Molecular Biology is against it. |
| Name two creatures that macroevolutionists claim are intermediate links and why they are not really intermediate links. | Archeopteryx and the Australopithecus Afarensis, because they are just a ape and a bird. |
| What is the Cambrian Explosion? Why is it a problem for macroevolutionists? | It is the "explosion" of life in Cambrian times; because it all happend in a short period of time when its suppose to take eons of time and there was no way to understand it and no intermediate links. |
| What are the four ways a bacterium can become resistant to an antibodic? | mutation, conjugation, transformation, and transduction |
| If a bacteria has a mutation that makes it resistant to an antibodic, does information get added to its genetic code? | No |
| Based on macroevolutionary assumptions, which organism's Cytochrome C should most resemble that of yeast: a kangaroo or a bacterium? | Bacterium |
| What problem with Darwin's hypothesis did neo-darwinism hope to solve? | How to add information to your genetic code and neodarwinist say through mutation. |
| What problem with Darwin's hypothesis did punctuated equilibrum attempt to solve? | It would save the problem of not having missing links. |
| How would an adherent to punctuated equilibrum explain the lack of intermediate links in the fossil record? | The intermediate links would not exist for very long so the chance of being fossilized is very small. |
| What problems mentioned in this module still exist for those who believe in punctuated equilibrum? | Structural Homology and Molecular Biology states that even with punctuated equilibrum it still could not have happend. |
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