click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Genetics
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Gene | Unit of heredity |
Gene Expression | process by which information from a gene is used in the expression of a trait |
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) | molecule that contains the genetic instructions for all living organisms |
Alleles | a variation of a gene (ex. different eye colors) |
Dominant Allele | it masks the effects of another allele and is designated by an uppercase letter. (H) |
Recessive Allele | its effects are hidden by a dominant allele and is designated by a lowercase letter (h) |
Gregor Mendel | Father of genetics. Is most famous for his research on genetics using pea plants. |
Pedigree | the record of descent or recorded ancestry |
Punnett Square | diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment |
Genotype | combination of genes an individual inherits (letters) |
Phenotype | the physical appearance associated with a genotype (looks) |
Homozygous | individual has the same two alleles for a gene (HH or hh) |
Heterozygous | individual has two different alleles for a gene (Hh) |