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Chapter 17

TermDefinition
Binomial Nomenclature Linnaeus’s system of naming organisms, which gives a scientific two-word Latin name to each species--the first part is the genus name and the second is the specific epithet.
Class Taxonomic group that contains one or more related orders.
Classification Grouping of organisms or objects based on a set of criteria that helps organize, communicate, and retain information.
Division Taxonomic term used instead of phylum to group related classes of plants and bacteria.
Domain Taxonomic group of one or more kingdoms.
Family Taxonomic group of similar, related genera that is smaller than a genus and larger than an order.
Genus Taxonomic group of closely related species with a common ancestor.
Kingdom Taxonomic group of related phyla or divisions.
Order Taxonomic group that contains related families.
Phylum Taxonomic group of related classes.
Taxon Named group of organisms, such as a phylum, genus, or species.
Taxonomy Branch of biology that identifies, names, and classifies species based on their natural relationships.
Character Inherited morphological or biochemical feature that varies among species and can be used to determine patterns of descent.
Cladistics Taxonomic method that models evolutionary relationships based on shared derived characters and phylogenetic trees.
Cladogram Diagram with branches that represents the hypothesized phylogeny or evolution of a species or group; uses bioinformatics, morphological studies, and information from DNA studies.
Molecular Clock Model that uses comparisons of DNA sequences to estimate phylogeny and rate of evolutionary change.
Phylogeny Evolutionary history of a species.
Archaea Prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan.
Fungus Unicellular or multicellular eukaryote that is stationary, absorbs nutrients from organic materials in the environment, and has cell walls that contain chitin.
Protist Unicellular, multicellular, or colonial eukaryote whose cell walls may contain cellulose; can be plantlike, animal-like, or funguslike.
Created by: ahindmon
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