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SHS Adv Biology 1
Photosynthesis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Autotroph | An organism that produces its own nutrients from inorganic substances. |
| Carotenoid | Class of pigments present in thylakoid membrane of plants that aid in photosynthesis |
| Chlorophyll | A green photosynthetic pigment present in plants |
| Granum | A stack of thylakoids in a chloroplast |
| Photosystem | A cluster of chlorophyll and other pigments molecules in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplast that harvest light energy for the light reactions of photosynthesis |
| Stroma | Te jelly-like solution surrounding the thylakoids in a chloroplast |
| Light Reactions | The initial reactions in photosynthesis which are triggered by the absorption of light by photosystem 1 and 2 |
| Chemiosmosis | A process in which the movement of protons down their concentration gradient is coupled to to synthesis of ATP |
| Electron Transport Chain | A series of molecules found in the inner membrane of the chloroplast through which electrons pass causing the build up of protons on one side of the membrane |
| Pigment | A substance that gives another substance or a mixture its color |
| Chloroplast | Plant cell organelle where the process of photosynthesis takes place |
| Thylakoid | A membrane system found within chloroplast that contains the components for photosynthesis |
| Calvin Cycle | A biochemical pathway of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using ATP |
| Stomata | One way openings in a leaf or stem of a plant that enable gas exchange to occur |
| C4 Pathway | A carbon-fixing process in which carbon dioxide is bound to a compound to form a four-carbon intermediate |
| Carbon fixation | The synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide, such as in potosyntesis |
| CAM pathway | A water-conserving, carbon-fixing process in which the plant takes in carbon at night and fix it into various organic compounds and releases it during the day |
| Heterotroph | An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their byproducts |
| Primary electron acceptor | A acceptor of electrons lost from chlorophyll a within the thylakoid membrane of chlorplasts |