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genetics

11.1

TermDefinition
genetics the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
fertilization the action or process of fertilizing an egg, female animal, or plant, involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
trait a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.
true-breeding The alleles for these type of plants are homozygous.
hybrid the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties
segregation method of breeding that allows only those organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation
independent assortment one of Mendel’s principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes
gametes sex cells
homozygous having two identical alleles for a particular gene
helrzygous having two different alleles for a particular gene
phenotype physical characteristics of an organism
genotype genetic makeup of an organism
dominant the one that hides the recessive trait
recessive allele the trait that is hidden by the dominant trait
incomplete doninance situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele
codominance situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expressed
punnett square diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross
multiple allele trait a gene that has more than two alleles
polygenic trait trait controlled by two or more genes
sex-linked trait gene located on a sex chromosome
carrier organism that has inherited a recessive allele for a genetic trait or mutation but does not display that trait or show symptoms of the disease
autosome chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
Created by: ash99bluelover
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