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Genetics

Chapter 10

TermDefinition
Genetics scientific study of heredity
Fertilization process of diffusion in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
Trait specific characteristic of an individual
True-Breeding having two identical alleles for a particular gene (same as homozygous)
Hybrid offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
Segregation separation of alleles during gamete formation
Independent Assortment one of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes
Gametes sex cell
Homozygous having two identical alleles for a particular gene
Heterozygous having two different alleles for a particular gene
Phenotype physical characteristics of an organism
Genotype genetic makeup of an organism
Dominant an allele that hides the presence of another allele
Recessive an allele that is hidden by the presence of another allele
Allele one of a number of different forms of a gene
Incomplete Dominance situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele
Codominance situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expressed
Punnet Square diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross
Multiple Allele Trait a gene that has more than two alleles
Polygenic Trait trait controlled by two or more genes
Sex-Linked Trait gene located on a sex chromosome
Carrier a carrier of the gene; disease is not shown but can be passed to next generation
Autosome chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; also called autosomal chromosome
Created by: jaylinnicole
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