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Genetics

TermDefinition
Genetics Study of Heredity
Fertilization Process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
Trait Specific Characteristic of an individual
True-Breeding (Pure) A kind of breeding in which the parents with a particular phenotype produce offspring only with the same phenotype.
Hybrid Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
Segregation Separation of Alleles during gamete formation
Independent Assortment One of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes
Gametes Sex Cells
Homozygous Having two identical alleles for a particular gene
Heterozygous Having two different Alleles for a particular gene
Phenotype physical characteristics of an organism
Genotype genetic makeup of an organism
Dominant Evidence; information gathered from observations
Recessive A recessive allele or trait
Allele One of a number of different forms of a gene
Incomplete Dominance situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele
Codominance Hormone produced by the thyroid that reduces blood calcium levels
Punnett Square diagram that can be used to predict the phenotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross
Multiple Allele Trait a gene that has more than two alleles
Polygenic Trait trait controlled by two or more genes
X-linked Trait On the x chromosome. Linked in genetics does not mean merely associated. An x-linked gene travels with the x chromosome and therefore is part of the x chromosome.
Carrier An organism possessing a recessive gene for a trait, hence, not expressing the trait.
Autosome Chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; also called autosomal chromosome
Created by: lundblade
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