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Genetics
Chapter
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Genetics | Scientific study of heredity |
Fertilization | Process in cell reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell |
Trait | Specific characteristic of an individual |
True breeding (pure) | |
Hybrid | Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits |
Segregration | Separation of alleles during gamete formation |
Independent Assortment | One of Mendel's principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes |
Gametes | Sex cell |
Homozygous | Having two identical alleles for a particular gene |
Heterozygous | Having two different alleles for a particular gene |
Phenotype | Physical characteristics of an organism |
Genotype | Genetic makeup of an organism |
Dominant | |
Recessice | |
Allele | One of a number of different forms of a gene |
Incomplete Dominance | Situation in which one allele is not completely doinant over another allele |
Codoninance | Situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expressed |
Punnett Square | Diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross |
Multiple Allele Trait | A gene that has more than two alleles |
Polygenic Trait | Trait controlled by two or more genes |
X-linked Trait | |
Carrier | |
Autosome | Chromosomes that is not a sex chromosome; also called autosomal chromosomes |