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Genetics
science
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Genetics | Study of heredity |
fertilization | process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell |
trait | specific characteristic of an individual |
True breeding (pure) | |
Hybrid | offspring of crosses between parents with different traits |
Segragation | separation of alleles during gamete formation |
independent assortment | one of Mendels principles that states that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes |
Gametes | sex cell |
homozygous | having two identical alleles for a particular gene |
heterozygous | having two different alleles for a particular gene |
phenotype | physical characteristics of an organism |
genotype | genetic makeup of an organism |
dominante | |
recessive | |
allel | One of a number of different forms of a gene |
incomplete dominance | situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another allele |
codominance | situation in which the phenotypes produced by both alleles are completely expressed |
punnet square | diagram that can be used to predict the genotype and phenotype combinations of a genetic cross |
multiple allele trait | a gene that has more than two alleles |
polygeni trait | trait controlled by two or more genes |
sex-linked trait | gene located on a sex chromosome |
carrier | |
autosome | Chromosome that is not a sex chromosome |