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Muscle System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Epimysium | A sheath of fibrous elastic tissue surounding a muscle |
| Perimysium | The sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of muscle fibers |
| Endomysium | The delicate connective tissue surrounding the individual muscular fibers within the smallest bundles. |
| Tendon | A flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone. |
| Muscle Fibers | Any of the elongated cells characteristic of muscle. |
| Myoblast | A myoblast is a type of embryonic progenitor cell that differentiates to give rise to muscle cells. |
| Sarcoplasm | the cytoplasm of striated muscle cells. |
| Transverse Tubules | transverse tubule is a deep invagination of the sarcolemma, which is the plasma membrane of skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle cells. |
| Action Pontential | the change in electrical potential associated with the passage of an impulse along the membrane of a muscle cell or nerve cell |
| Myofilaments | Myofilaments are the filaments of myofibrils constructed from proteins. The principal types of muscle are striated muscle, obliquely striated muscle and smooth muscle. |
| Thin Filaments | made of the protein actin |
| Thick Filaments | Made of the protein myosin |
| Sarcoplasmic Reticulum | A membranous structure surrounding each myofibril |
| Triad | is formed by 1 T tubule and 2 Terminal cisterna |
| Cisternae | Concentrate Ca2 (via ion pumps) Release Ca2 into sarcomeres to begin muscle contraction |
| Sarcomeres | a structural unit of a myofibril in striated muscle, consisting of a dark band and the nearer half of each adjacent pale band. |
| Myofibrils | any of the elongated contractile threads found in striated muscle cells. |
| Striated | muscle tissue in which the contractile fibrils in the cells are aligned in parallel bundles, so that their different regions form stripes visible in a microscope. Muscles of this type are attached to the skeleton by tendons and are under voluntary control |
| Troponin | a globular protein complex involved in muscle contraction. It occurs with tropomyosin in the thin filaments of muscle tissue. |
| Tropomyosin | a protein involved in muscle contraction. It is related to myosin and occurs together with troponin in the thin filaments of muscle tissue. |
| Active Site | a region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or other substance during a reaction. |
| Actin | a protein that forms (together with myosin) the contractile filaments of muscle cells, and is also involved in motion in other types of cells |
| Myosin | a fibrous protein that forms (together with actin) the contractile filaments of muscle cells and is also involved in motion in other types of cells |
| Neuromuscular Junction | A neuromuscular junction is a synapse between a motor neuron and skeletal muscle. This lesson describes the events of synaptic transmission leading to contraction of skeletal muscle |
| Sarcolemma | the fine transparent tubular sheath that envelops the fibers of skeletal muscles. |
Created by:
colleenjs13
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