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Vert, Invert, Repro

Vertebrates, Invertebrates, and Types of Reproduction

TermDefinition
symmetry the ability to divide something in a way that all aspects of the division are copies of the others
asymmetrical Not identical on both sides of a central line. (sponges are an example)
bilaterally symmetrical found in organisms that have heads and tails; the ability to divide something in half so each part of the half is a mirror image of the other
radially symmetrical found only in sea animals; the ability to divide something in half by a variety of different means(sea anemone and starfish are examples)
invertebrate any member of the Kingdom Animalia that lacks a backbone; body symmetry can help scientists further classify invertebrates
vertebrate any member of the Kingdom Animalia that has a backbone and internal skeleton that protects their soft tissue
endothermic any animal whose body controls and regulates its temperature by controlling the internal heat it produces; their body temperatures are not influenced by the temperature of their environment, they are “warm-blooded”
exothermic aka ectothermic – any animal whose body does not produce much internal heat; since these organisms’ body temperatures are influenced by the temperature of their environment, they are considered “cold-blooded”
asexual reproduction any type of reproduction that involves only one parent that produces offspring that are identical to the parents (genetic clones)
sexual reproduction any type of reproduction that involves two parents who combine their genetic material to produce a new organism which differs from both parents
gamete a sex cell
sperm the male sex cell
egg the female sex cell
fertilization the process by which a sperm and egg cell join to form a zygote
zygote the result of fertilization; the first cell of any organism produced by sexual reproduction
internal fertilization the process by which sperm and egg unite within the body of the female of the species; often, this type of fertilization means either (a) the young will develop in eggs with shells OR (b) the young will develop within the body of the female
external fertilization process by which sperm and egg unite outside of the body of the female; to aid free-swimming sperm, this occurs in water; fish: release of roe by female happens first, and then milt is released by male; frogs: release of eggs and sperm happen at same time
external development an organism develops outside of the mother’s body; all animals that are the result of external fertilization develop externally; animals that are the result of eggs also develop externally
internal development an organism develops inside of the mother’s body; examples include almost all mammals, but some species of fish and reptiles also develop internally and are born via live birth
milt a fluid released by male fish during spawning which contains millions of free-swimming sperm
fry A newly-hatched fish with attached yolk sac that feeds the fry until it is big enough to find its own food (a juvenile fish)
roe the eggs released by a female fish during spawning
yolk sac a flap containing energy-rich materials that feed the fry after it hatches
complete metamorphosis the life cycle of certain types of insects; during the process, the insect goes through a dramatic change over four stages: egg, larva, pupa, adult
incomplete metamorphosis the life cycle of certain types of insects; during the process, the insect goes through a small change over three stages: egg, nymph, adult
reproduction by regeneration a means of asexual reproduction in which a portion of the parent organism yields an entirely new organism that is a clone of the parent
budding means of asexual reproduction in which the parent organism creates a bud, a small cell that contains a copy of the parent’s nucleus but a lesser amount of cytoplasm, that will eventually break off and grow into full-sized version of the original organism
Created by: barbzabel7
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