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9 wk Test Review

Genetics and Evolution

definitionterm
The process through which species change over time Evolution
Evidence of evolution includes DNA sequence, fossil record, and anatomical evidence.
Structures that are similar in related organisms which were inherited from a common ancestor Homologous Structures
An example of analogous structures are The wings of butterflies and birds
An example of a vestigial structure is the human tail bone
The study of the similarities and differences in the embryos of different species Comparative embyology
What are preserved traces or remains of living organisms for the past Fossils
How fossils support the theory of common ancestry We can see progressive change in organisms
Structures on an organism are degenerated and, or are nonfunctional structures Vestigial Structures
Structure that is the same in function but different in structure, and evolved independently Analogous Structures
Evidence of evelotion that has similar stretch of genetic material and/or proteins between different organisms Molecular homologies
This is the study of the distribution of species, organisms, and ecosystems through geological time Biogeography
Different forms of genes for a single trait Alleles
Gene that is always expressed Dominant
Genotypes made of two different alleles, such as Dd Heterozygous
Genotypes made of the same alleles, such as AA, or bb Homozygous
Gene that is expressed only in a homozygous state, such as ee Recessive
A physical trait that can be seen Phenotype
Scientific study of heredity Genetics
Specialized type of cell division in which four haploid (n) gametes, daughter cells, are formed form one diploid (2n) cell. This increase genetic diversity Meiosis
A random exchange of chromosome segments. By mixing up the genes on the chromosomes, genetic variation increases. Crossing over
Created by: melissa1334
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