click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Apologia Biology 11
Apologia Biology Module # 11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Invertebrates | Animals that lack a backbone |
| vertebrates | Animals that possess a backbone |
| Spherical symmetry | an organism possess spherical symmetry if it can be cut into two identical halves by any cut that runs through the organism's center |
| Radial Symmetry | an organism possess radial symmetry if it can be cut into two identical halves by any longitudinal cut through its center |
| Bilateral Symmetry | an organism possess bilateral symmetry if it can only be cut into two identical halves by a single longitudinal cut along its center which divides it into right and left halves |
| epidermis | an outer layer of cells designed to provide protection |
| mesenchyme | the jellylike substance that separates the epidermis from the inner cells in a sponge |
| collar cells | flagellated cells that push water through a sponge |
| amoebocytes | cells that move using pseudopods and perform different functions in different animals |
| gemmule | a cluster of cells encased ina a hard, spicule-reinforced shell |
| polyp | the sessile, tubuluar form of cnidarians with a mouth and tentacles at one end and a basal disk at the other |
| medusa | a free-swimming cnidarian with a bell shaped body and tentacles |
| epithelium | animal tissue consisting of one or more layers of cells that have only one free surface, because the other surface adheres to a membrane or other surface |
| mesoglea | the jellylike substance that separates the epithelial cells in a cnidarian |
| nematocysts | small capsules that contain a toxin which is injected into prey or predators |
| testes | organs that produce sperm |
| ovaries | organs that produce eggs |
| anterior end | the end of an animal that contains its head |
| posterior end | the end of an animal that contains its tail |
| circulatory system | a system designed to transport food and other necessary substances throughout a creature's body |
| nervous system | a system of sensitive cells that respond to stimuli such as sound, touch, and taste |
| ganglia | masses of nerve cell bodies |
| hermaphroditic | possessing both the male and female reproductive organs |