Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biochemistry
Biochemistry Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate: transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism |
| Activation Energy | The minimum quantity of energy that the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction |
| Active Site | A small port in an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction |
| Amino Acid | A simple organic compound containing both a carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group Example: Glycine |
| Cellular Respiration | What cells do to break up sugars into a form that the cell can use as energy Formula: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + energy |
| Carbohydrate | Any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissue. They contain oxygen and hydrogen on a 2:1 ratio. Example: Sugars and starches |
| Denature | A process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose the quaternary structure, tertiary structure and secondary structure which is present in their native state by application of an external stress or compound Example: Acids, alcohol |
| Dehydration Synthesis | A chemical reaction that involves the loss of a water molecule from the reacting molecule |
| Enzyme | A substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction |
| Fatty Acid | A carboxylic acid consisting of a hydrocarbon chain and a terminal carboxyl group Example: Fats, Oils |
| Glycerol | A colorless, sweet, viscous liquid formed as a byproduct in soap manufacture Formula: C3H8O3 |
| Glucose | A simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates |
| Hydrolysis | The chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water |
| Inorganic | Not containing Hydrogen or Carbon |
| Lipid | Any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents Example: Oil |
| Monosaccharide | Any of the class of sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar Example: Glucose |
| Nucleic Acid | A complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain |
| Nitrogen Base | A nitrogen containing molecule that has the same chemical properties as a base. They make up the building blocks of DNA and RNA |
| Optimal Conditions | The most favorable condition for growth and reproduction |
| Organic | Containing Hydrogen and Carbon |
| Photosynthesis | A process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities Formula: 6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
| Phosphate | An inorganic chemical as a salt of phosphoric acid |
| Protein | A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. It can be distinguished from fats and carbohydrates by containing nitrogen It includes carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulphur, and sometimes phosphorus Example: Meat |
| pH | The measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. Ph is a measurement of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. pH<7 => acidic ; pH=7 => neutral ; pH>7 => basic |
| Respiration | A process in living organisms involving the production of energy, typically with the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide Formula: |
| Substrate | A molecule upon which an enzyme acts |
| Testing Regent | Testing for Starch: Iodine Solution Testing for Sugar: Benedict's Solution Testing for Lipids: Sudan Test or Brown Paper Bag Test Testing for Proteins: Biuret's Solution |
| Water | A colorless, transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid that forms the seas, lakes, rivers, and rain and is the basis of the fluids of living organisms Formula: H2O |
Created by:
ezafari
Popular Biology sets