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CfE Higher 1-2

Vocab from Topic 1 (Structure & Replication of DNA) & Topic 2 (Gene Expression)

TermDefinition
Adenine The base found on DNA and RNA that always pairs with thymine.
Amino acid The molecules joined together by peptide bonds to form polypeptides (which when folded become proteins).
Anticodon The triplet of bases on a tRNA molecule that match with three bases on an mRNA strand.
Cytosine The base found on DNA and RNA that always pairs with guanine.
Deoxyribose The name of the sugar found in DNA.
DNA polymerase The enzyme that attaches to and moves along a DNA molecule during replication.
Eukaryote Any organism whose cells contain internal membranes.
Exons The coding regions of mRNA that bind together to form the mature mRNA transcript.
Guanine The base found on DNA and RNA that always pairs with cytosine.
Introns The non-coding regions of mRNA that are spliced out of the primary transcript.
Ligase The enzyme involved the joining sections of DNA together (necessary for DNA replication, genetic engineering, etc.).
Plasmid A small, circular piece of DNA found in prokaryotes (e.g. bacteria).
Ribose The name of the sugar found in RNA.
Ribosome The structure within a cell (made from rRNA and protein) where protein synthesis takes place.
Created by: amymurney
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