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Chapter 10 Biology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are the 3 parts of a DNA nucleotide? | -Sugar -Bases -Phosphate |
| Adenine and Guanine | Purines |
| Cytosine and Thymine | Pyrimidines |
| Watson and Crick suggested what model of DNA? | Double Helix |
| What are the nitrogen bases? | Adenine(A), Guanine(G), Cytosine(C), Thymine(T) |
| The complementary base pairs. | C--G T--A |
| The process of copying DNA in a cell is called _________. | Replication |
| Structure of RNA | -Sugar (Ribose) -Phosphate -Base |
| RNA is Different from DNA because..... | ....the sugar is ribose, thymine is NOT present (but uracil is), and RNA is single stranded. |
| 3 types of RNA | mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA |
| mRNA | Messenger RNA |
| tRNA | Transfer RNA |
| rRNA | Ribosomal RNA |
| Transcription | Process by which genetic information is copied from DNA to RNA. |
| Protein Synthesis | The production of proteins. |
| 3 mRNA = ________ | A codon. |
| Adenine and guanine are made of.... | ....two rings of carbon. |
| Bases face toward... | ...the center. |
| Bases bond to other bases of strands with what bond? | Hydrogen Bond |
| Enzymes that bind to the separated chains of DNA. | DNA polymerase |
| The process of assembling polypeptides from information encoded in mRNA is called what? | Translation |
| Amino acids are transported to what? | Ribosomes |
| Ribosomes are composed of what? | Proteins and rRNA |
| The assembly of a polypeptide begins when... | ...a ribosome attaches to the start codon on an mRNA transcript. |
| The start codon pairs with what? | The anticodon on tRNA. |
| Pairing causes the specific amino acid to... | ...attach to the previously translated amino acids. |
| The chain of amino acids make what? | A protein. |
| This process continues until.... | ....a stop codon is reached. |
| DNA is made up of... | ...repeating subunits of nucleotides. |
| DNA consists of 2 chains of... | ...nucleotides. |