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Chapter 10!

Nucleic Acids & Protein synthesis

TermDefinition
DNA nucleotide has three parts. sugar, phosphate and bases.
Adenine and Guanine have two rings of carbon. Cytosine and thymine
Replication- The process of copying DNA in a cell.
RNA repeating units: consists of ribose (sugar) Uracil. RNA single stranded.
Transcription: Process by which genetic information is copied from DNA to RNA.
protein synthesis The production of proteins.
The Genetic Code correlation between a nucleotide sequence and an amino acid sequence.
3 mRNA codon
Start codon AUG
stop codon UAA, UAG, UGA
Translation process of assembling polypeptides from information encoded in RNA
Purine double ringed carbon and nitrogen atoms.
Pyrimidines Single ringed base of carbon and nitrogen atoms
complementary base pairs contains double ringed purine
base sequence order of nitrogen bases on a chain of DNA
helicases separate DNA strands
replication fork when two strands separate.
DNA replication process by which DNA is copied in a cell before a cell divides by mitosis, meosis or binary fission.
promoter is a specific nucleotide sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase binds to the promoter.
termination signal is basically the"stop sign"
genome entire gene sequence of the human. complete genetic content.
ribose sugar
anti codon three nucleotides on the RNA that are complementary to the sequence of a codon
protein structure every protein is made of one or more polypeptides
translation all three major types of RNA are involved in translation: the making of protein.
messenger RNA a single stranded RNA molecule that carries the instructions from a gene to make a protein.
transfer RNA transfers amino acids to the ribosome to make a protein.
one special codon AUG acts as a start codon
deoxyribose five carbon sugar in a DNA nucleotide
Created by: samlikescats
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