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Biology ch. 10

QuestionAnswer
shape of DNA Double Helix
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
three parts of Nucleotides sugar, base, phosphate
four bases Adenine(A), Guanine(G), Cytosine(C), Thymine(T)
compliments to each base C-G and T-A
What did Watson and Crick receive in 1962? Nobel Prize in medicine
Genetics genetics is the study of heredity and how traits pass parent to offspring
DNA is made of what? 2 chains of Nucleotides
Heredity Passing of traits, parent to offspring
Trait genetically determined variant of a characteristic
chains of nucleotides are separated by... enzymes called helicases
DNA polymerase bind separated chains of DNA
Accuracy and repair one error in every 10,000
proofreading brings error rate down to one in every one billion nucleotides.
mutations occur in a change of the nucleotide sequence
sugar in DNA deoxyribose
purines Adenine and guanine
pyridines Cytosine and Thymine
after polymerase 2 new copies of the original DNA are created
RNA ribonucleic aid
Structure of RNA Sugar(ribose), Phosphate, nitrogen(containing base)
differs from DNA and RNA sugar is ribose, phosphate, nitrogen containing base
transcription process where info. is copied from RNA to DNA
protein synthesis production of proteins
types of RNA mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
mRNA `messenger RNA
Transfer RNA tRNA
rRNA ribosomal RNA
genetic code a correlation between nucleotide sequence and an amino acid sequence
ribosomes composed of rRNA and proteins and are free in the cytoplasm and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Created by: Austin_Hoover
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